What Is Wind Loading in Construction?
What Is Wind Loading in Construction?
Wind loading is the pressure exerted by high-speed winds on the walls and roofs of buildings. It is calculated based on some factors such as the angle at which wind strikes a structure, its size (height, width etc.), and local weather conditions.
Wind load is usually expressed in pounds per square foot and should be taken into consideration when designing a building to ensure it can withstand any expected gale-force winds.
The wind load must meet relevant local building codes that are designed for safety in order to protect people living or working inside the building from being impacted by high wind speeds.
What Causes Wind Loads?
Wind loads are caused by air pressure differences between the leeward and windward faces of the building, as well as by turbulence created when winds encounter obstacles.
When wind strikes a building, it exerts different pressures on each side; the difference in these pressures places various stresses on the structure, which must be resisted through its design.
Wind also generates vortices at corners and around protrusions that can create additional forces against a structure’s walls. All of these forces are taken into account when engineers design buildings to resist wind loads.
What Is A Wind Load Example?
Wind load is the force exerted on a surface by the wind due to its pressure and drag.
As an example, if a flat section of a structure has an area of 1 square foot and is subjected to a 100-mph wind, then the wind load is calculated using this formula: force = area x pressure x Cd, which in this case would come out as 1 x 25.6 x 2 = 51.2 psf.
Wind load can vary based on specific factors such as size, structure shape and material composition, as well as the speed, temperature, and direction of the wind itself.
What Is The Type Of Wind Loads?
Wind loads are forces derived from the wind that act on structures, such as buildings and bridges, and can be divided into three main types: uplift load, shear load, and lateral load. Uplift load is the upward force caused by a pressure differential between the top and bottom of a structure.
A shear load is a horizontal force that acts parallel to the surface of the structure. The lateral force is directed perpendicular to this plane, acting sideways on a structure.
All these types of wind loads create stress on a structure which must be taken into consideration in its design and construction to ensure its stability and safety.
What Is The Difference Between Wind Load And Wind Pressure?
Wind load and wind pressure are two distinct concepts related to the effects of high winds on a structure. Wind load is the overall pressure or force generated against the surface of a building from high winds, while wind pressure is the atmospheric pressure caused by the same winds.
Wind load takes into account both direct pressure from the wind and suction from low-pressure air as well as other forces such as drag, lift and vibration generated by turbulent air currents.
Wind pressure, on the other hand, is only concerned with pressures created by wind blowing against surfaces. Both factors must be considered when evaluating potential damage that could occur due to strong winds.
What Is The Difference Between Wind Loads And Earthquake Loads?
Wind loads and earthquake loads both create forces that act on structures, however, the nature of these forces are very different. Wind load is considered to be more of a constant force, where the effects of wind come over a longer period of time.
Earthquake loads however are almost instantaneous; the sudden shaking from an earthquake creates powerful but short-lived forces that can have devastating effects on structures.
In addition to these two principal types of load, other natural disasters such as flooding or snowfall can also put structures under considerable strain.