What is Shoring Construction | 15 Different Types of Shoring | Uses and Purposes of Shoring Systems

What is Shoring Construction | 15 Different Types of Shoring | Uses and Purposes of Shoring  | Timber Shoring | Concrete Shoring |Raking Shoring | Dead Shoring

What is Shoring Construction?

Shoring is a construction technique used to support buildings and structures against potentially dangerous structural failure.

Shoring is one of the most common construction methods for soil stabilization. This method is used in excavations that are deep and require engineering such as tunnels, mines, and deep wells.

Shoring is done to fill the hole with a combination of soil, stones, and gravel in order to provide a stable side from which to work.

The process typically involves removing dirt from a hole and placing poles inside. Some shoring methods use steel cables and hydraulic jacks in place of poles.

A shoring system, also known as scaffolding, is a type of temporary structure that is made from wood, metal, or other structural materials to support the work space.

It is installed to ensure the safety of the workers and the site.

These structures are typically erected around a work site in order to provide a safe working area for the construction team.

Industries in which shoring systems may be utilized include construction, power generation, mining, and bridge inspection.

Shoring is a temporary structure that is made from wood, metal, or other materials to support the work space. It is installed to ensure the safety of the workers and the site.

These structures are typically erected around a work site in order to provide a safe working area for the construction team.

How is Shoring Done?

Shoring can be done with timbers, planks, or any other material that will provide the necessary support.  The process of shoring begins by identifying the areas in need of support and marking them off.

A trench is then dug around the marked area into which timber beams are placed parallel to one another.

Next, boards are laid overtop these beams so that they rest on top of each other from end-to-end like a deck would if it were built on an incline.

Finally, wedges are inserted between each board and hammered until they fit snugly together without gaps in between them for air pockets or different soil densities to collect

Purposes of Shoring

Shoring is a method for protecting against the collapse of an excavation or a building by using temporary support.

It’s not something most people think about unless they’re in construction, but it can be very important when safety is at risk.

These posts are used to shore up supports that could come tumbling down if there was any type of movement from underneath them.

The best way to secure these posts is with concrete and steel rods that are anchored deep into the ground beneath the surface of the ground where you need protection from collapsing.

Shoring also protects against earthquakes, floods, overzealous excavators etc.

Different Types of Shoring

There are several types of shoring. They include:

1. Raking Shoring

This type of shoring is similar to the previous, but it allows for different designs to be installed.

Raking shoring has planks or beams that are laid flat on top of each other and secured by steel straps, rods or rebar. There are many different designs of raking shoring.

A number of wooden planks are connected together with long strips of steel under each plank. Each plank is then connected to the plank on top of it, as well as the one below or beside it.

The floor and wall loads are transferred to the ground using sloping struts or rakers in this shoring configuration.

It is critical that the rakers are properly positioned so that they can withstand maximum wall and floor stresses.

2. Flying Shoring

The term “flying shoring” is also used to refer to horizontal shoring. It is the shoring used to offer temporary support to the party walls of the two buildings where the intermediate building is to be demolished and rebuilt.

This form of shoring covers all of the procedures for supporting an unsafe structure whose beaches do not reach the ground.

Flying shoring is a technique used in construction to help keep the building up and stable.  Flying shoring can be done with steel or wood beams and cables to provide additional support for the building’s frame.

The process involves installing brackets on top of the existing flooring, inserting a beam, welding it into place, then attaching cables from one side of the building all the way across to another side (or edge).

These beams provide stability by distributing weight evenly along their length.

They also prevent any bending or twisting of frames during an earthquake that could lead to structural failure.

The beams rest on simple temporary posts which are driven into the ground using a jackhammer.

The main advantage of this type of shoring is that it is usually used for short term support during excavations and has high resistance to uplifting.

3. Dead Shoring

Dead Shoring or vertical shoring is used to support vertically downward acting dead loads.

In its most basic form, it is a vertical prop or shore leg with a head plate, sole plate, and some method of tightening and loosening the shore.

This type of shoring consists of solid planks supported by horizontal timbers as well as strong rods that are bent into a ‘U’ shape.

The planks rest on the bent rods, and these are in turn embedded into the ground.  The weight on each plank is transferred to the ground through the bent rods.

4.  Timber Shoring

Timber shoring is the most traditional type. Timber formwork (trestles) are used to support the forms or shuttering for concrete or brick walls.

Timber shoring is a temporary structure that’s made from wood, metal, or other materials to help support the work space. It is installed to ensure the safety of the workers and the site.

Timber shoring is a very adaptable method that may be used in a variety of conditions, including small access areas and in the presence of cross services, which might limit shoring and digging possibilities.

Shore has a wide variety of timber shoring components, including as runners, walers, and trench jacks.

5. Concrete Shoring System

One of the most common shoring used is concrete shoring, which is also known as masonry shoring or concrete formwork.

This type of shoring is typically used with vertical columns and forms that remain stationary during construction, such as brick walls and concrete slabs.

However, it can be used with horizontal forms, including floor decks and roofs.

Masonry shoring will allow the recipient wall to be installed without a problem when tensioned in place.

6. Hydraulic Shoring

Hydraulic shoring is a type of shoring that uses a hydraulic system filled with liquid to resist pressure.

A hydraulic shoring system consists of pipes that are filled with highly pressurized liquid. This solution is injected into any cavities or voids in the ground, which helps to hold the entire construction site together.

This technique is often used for big excavations such as subway and tunnel construction, where it’s strategically placed in order to avoid any cave ins.

7. Piling Shoring

Pile shoring or pile-header shoring is a form of masonry shoring that’s usually used for pier foundations.

It consists of reinforced concrete piles driven into the ground to provide support for the other masonry components and to act as giant anchors.

The base of each pile must be sealed, which includes grouting the inside of each pipe and applying a sealant. The ground is then compacted below the foundation piles.

Another method of piling shoring is the use of steel piles, which are driven into the ground and secured with horizontal beams.

Piling shoring is often used to build larger foundations in areas that are prone to soil movements and erosion.

8. Joist Shoring

The joist shoring method specializes in supporting joists, trusses and rafters on both the exterior and interior sides of a wood structure.

This type of shoring is commonly used during the construction of homes, buildings, bridges, overpasses and more. It also provides bracing to reduce the risk of collapse in a fire or other emergency.

This process is much safer for workers and the surrounding area since it’s done on the inside of the building, as opposed to traditional shoring that relies on wood cribbing.

9. Box Shoring

Box shoring is a form of shoring that uses a filled container with steel shores to support structures, such as concrete pillars.

This method is one of the fastest and most efficient ways to shore up support.

Boxes are either placed directly under beams or on top of pillars, which helps to avoid any structure distortion when the beams are placed.

10. Wall Shoring

Wall shoring is commonly used in construction sites where temporary walls need to be built for construction purposes and that aren’t designed to support their own weight load.

Wall shoring is temporary and is installed to help support the weight of a wall, usually from inside the building.

It consists of posts that are installed either right at the base of the wall or just below where it rests on a beam.

11. Hydraulic Shoring.

Hydraulic shoring is a fast, cost-effective method of relieving excessive uplift pressure on a structure.

Hydraulic shoring works when high pressures are exerted either by the designer or the contractor in order to achieve the exact results and specifications as intended.

Hydraulic shoring utilizes hydraulic cylinders that hold a heavy weight in place and then release it after the pressure is relieved and supports are completely set.

12. Pneumatic Shoring

Pneumatic shoring is an option for shoring foundations that is not commonly used.

As opposed to concrete, which provides a strong foundation, pneumatic shoring instead relies on air to create a stable structure. The advantages of pneumatic shoring are that it’s quick and easy to use.

This includes any kind of shoring material or system.

13. Soil Nail shoring

Soil nail shoring fortifies soil slopes and walls by incorporating reinforcement materials such as steel bars or nails.

Professionals drill a hole in the earth and then position the reinforcing material near to the unstable structure.

They angled the material downward to provide more stability and protection against natural dangers such as wind.

14. Diaphragm Walls Shoring

This type of shoring is used to stabilize soil on deep tunnels or basements. Diaphragm walls provide a good foundation for tunnels, underpasses, retaining walls and other earth structures.

The alternating layers of steel and wood are designed to help secure the level ground.

Diaphragm wall shoring is easy to install and use, as it just requires screwing into the sides of the deep tunnels or basements.

15. H and I-beam Shoring

This type of shoring is designed for deep basements and is often used in tunnels. H-shaped steel members are screwed into the foundation and are then connected from the top.

An I-beam system is used on the side walls that help to provide stability when strong winds come into play.

Shoring FAQs

1. What is shoring in excavation?

Shoring is a technique that engineers and workers use to support the sides of excavation. It can be used for buildings, bridges, or other projects.

Shoring can be solid or temporary depending on what you need it for.

Shoring is a system of supports that are used to maintain an excavation. The shoring can be made out of steel or other materials, and they’re designed in order to protect workers from cave-ins and collapse.

Shoring is a construction technique that prevents the sides of an excavation from collapsing. There are various types of shoring methods, such as sloping and cribbing.

The type of method used will depend on factors including soil composition and depth.

2. What is trench shoring and how does it work?

Trench Shoring, also known as shoringholts and chokers, is a technique used to support the sides of trenches, excavations, and man-made cuts.

It consists of specially designed vertical shoring elements that are driven into the ground for stability.

Unlike other types of shoring that are temporary or permanent, trench shoring is usually made from a lightweight material.

This material will help to support catwalks on existing buildings or existing construction projects that require extra support for structural integrity.

These shoring elements are usually made of lightweight materials such as aluminum, steel or wood.

The main purpose of trench shoring is to provide stability for the excavated site and the workers, which helps to prevent any cave-ins.

Trench shoring is a relatively new construction technique that’s used in projects where there is limited space available for construction.

3. What is soil shoring and how does it work?

Soil shoring also known as shoring soil and earth anchors are used to provide temporary support for a soil pile.

Compacted soil is piled together, placed in the ground, and then secured with supports.

The main purpose of this type of shoring is to create an emergency support system for workers who need extra protection from mud and debris that could cause damage to the site or injure workers.

4. What is difference between shoring and shielding?

Shoring is a form of shielding that is used to provide stability and support for areas that are at risk of collapse. Shoring provides a platform for workers to walk on and it helps to protect them from any potential cave-ins during the excavation process.

Shielding, on the other hand, protects workers from any small pieces of falling debris or dust. Usually, shielding is used in construction sites where there’s an increased risk of collapsing holes in the ground.

5. What is secant pile shoring?

Secant pile shoring is a construction method that’s used to provide extra support and stability for soil piles. It consists of a series of steel posts that are driven into the ground to stabilize an excavated site.

A Secant Piled Wall is a retaining wall built prior to excavation for ground retention. The wall is built by alternating primary (female) and secondary (male) piles, with the secondary piles partially cutting into either side of the primary piles to make a continuous impermeable structure.

Secant piles can also be used in indoor construction and for smaller buildings to help support the weight of the structure.

6. What is cap shoring?

Cap Shoring is a construction method that’s used to protect soil piles and dewatering tanks during the excavation process.

It consists of a steel cap that’s placed over the soil pile or dewatering tank to provide extra support.

7. What is earth support shoring?

Earth support shoring is also known as earth anchors, and it’s used to provide temporary stability for excavations, earth and slope stabilization and retaining walls.

8. What is the use of dead shore?

Dead shore is an anchor system that provides a temporary supportive means for short periods of time during soil excavation or construction.

It consists of a core of gravel, wood, or metal (trench flooring) that spreads the soil over the entire length of the support pile and also prevents it from creeping in any direction.

Dead shore is a shoring technique used to provide vertical support to walls, roofs, floors, and other structures when the lower half of a wall is removed to provide an opening in the wall or to repair a damaged load bearing wall of a structure.

When this system is used, it’s essential to use cap shoring (more on cap shoring later) to provide support while waiting out the duration of the dead shore.

9. What is cap shoring?

Cap shoring is a method of providing temporary support for soil slabs, dewatering tanks, and excavated sites. This support mechanism consists of a steel cap that’s placed over the soil to provide stability.

10. What is Slope Stability Shoring?

Slope Stability Shoring is used for slope stabilization and retaining walls in areas where there’s a potential risk of slope slide due to factors such as; frost heave, vegetation growth, or rainwater volume.

11. What is Shoring in Earth Shoring?

Shoring is used to provide stability to earth piles that are used as a building material.

12. What are the advantages of shoring?

Shoring provides added stability, safety, and protection for workers during excavation and construction projects.

13. What are the disadvantages of shoring?

The main disadvantage of shoring is that it can be expensive to install due to the varying types of materials that have been used over time.

14. What is the subgrade shoring?

Subgrade shoring is a method of creating support for a variety of excavated projects such as retaining walls, earth dams, and retaining walls.

It’s designed for flexible use and long-term stability of the structure.

15. What is the purpose of backfill shoring?

Backfill shoring is a type of shoring that’s used during the backfilling process.

It consists of a steel frame that’s placed on top and around the perimeter of an excavated area to provide support and stability for the soil. The main purpose here is to provide additional support for earth embankments or retaining walls.

16. What is the purpose of soil shoring?

Soil shoring provides support to soil or earth piles that have been dug up, chopped, and placed in the ground.

The main purpose in this case is to create a stable platform for workers when they need extra stability during excavation.

17. What is the purpose of steel shoring?

Steel shoring is a form of shoring that’s used for temporary stabilizing supports during excavation projects.

It consists of a steel frame that’s placed on top and around the perimeter of an excavated area to provide stability and support for the soil.

18. What are the types of shoring?

There are different types of shoring such as: Backfilling Shoring, Dewatering Tank Shoring, Excavation Shoring, Seismic Shoring, Soil Slab Shoring, Steel Frame Shoring, Terrestrial Retaining Wall Support

19. What is the difference between shoring and scaffolding?

Scaffolding is a temporary structure that is only used to elevate workforce, materials, and equipment. Shoring systems, like scaffolds, are only temporary.

They are, however, designed to sustain the structure or bridge rather than the employees. Shoring systems are constructed with heavy-duty modular steel components.

20. What is the difference between underpinning and shoring?

Underpinning is the construction of structures beneath an existing foundation in order to retain its stability. Underpinning is the process of repairing, strengthening, or renewing the foundation of an existing structure.

During underpinning, the existing structure must be temporarily supported by raking beaches.

Shoring to avoid any unfortunate occurrence from occurring as a result of a weak foundation or faulty alignment of surrounding walls and structures.

It can be used to reinforce underground excavations when creating the foundation.

It can also provide temporary support to dangerous constructions above ground.

Shoring and underpinning are terms used in general construction. Shoring is a term used to describe the process of stabilizing a structure to keep it from collapsing so that construction can continue.

It can also be used as a noun to refer to the materials that were used in the process.

Underpinning is the process of reinforcing and stabilizing an existing building’s or structure’s foundation in order to prevent further degradation.